Physiology Section

When I play Basketball some short term responses to exercise are increased heart rate and response time to muscles.

The first short term response to exercise is that my heart rate increases. The reason my heart rate increases is so that my body can pump out more blood, which results in more oxygen uptake in the working muscles. 

The second short term response to exercise is my muscles increasing in temperature. The reason my muscles increase in temperature is because my muscles are working harder which results in myself sweating which helps cool my body so I don't over heat. This happens in Basketball because my body is reacting to the exercise.

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If I was to play Basketball for a season, some long term adaptions are stronger cardiovascular system and stronger muscles in my body.

The first long term adaption when playing Basketball is a stronger cardiovascular system.

This happens because the heart rate increases in each game, which helps the heart get use to the exercise and strengthens the heart to pump out more blood and oxygen around the body.

The second long term adaption when playing Basketball is stronger muscles in my body.

This happens because as I'm playing, my muscles gradually break down, which allows protein to enter the broken down muscles and make them larger so that they can consume more oxygen.

1.1 Log 6 (Kickball)

Log 6- 15/08/18

On Friday, my class played Kickball, where I was influenced by two factors. These two factors that influenced me are challenge and aesthetic appeal. The way challenge influenced me was that I had to make sure I didn’t get hit by the ball or get caught out, which influenced me to run faster and to move at a faster rate to make sure I wasn’t hit. I was also influenced to kick the ball harder so that the ball wasn’t easily caught. The way aesthetic appeal influenced my performance, was that when I kicked the ball, I would get a thrill of joy knowing that the opposing team wasn’t able to catch me out, I also got a thrill from the feel of the ball making impact with my foot, which influenced me to kick the ball harder and harder.

1.1 Log 5 (Modified Touch)

Log 5- 08/08/18

On tuesday, my class played Modified touch, where I was influenced by two factors.
These two factors that influenced me are social factors and well-being. The way social
factors influenced my performance was that I was able to play in a group of people that I
am friends with and I was able to bond with them through this game of modified touch. The
way well-being influenced my performance was that when playing the game, I knew my
participation would benefit my physical well-being and hopefully make me fitter.

1.1 Log 4 (King Dodgeball)

Log 4- 08/08/18

On friday, my class played King Dodgeball, where I was influenced by two factors. These two
factors that influenced me are sense of achievement and fun and enjoyment. The way sense
of achievement influenced me was when I was able to either catch the ball on the full or by
hitting someone with the ball, causing them to be out. Getting the opposition out and dodging
the ball others threw at me gave me a sense of pride and achievement. The way fun and
enjoyment influenced my performance was that I was able to enjoy the game we were playing
and so I was influenced to perform at a higher standard. I also had fun playing with people that
I’m friends with.

1.1 Log 3 (Modified Touch)

Log 3- 01/08/18

On tuesday, my class played Modified Touch, where I was influenced by two factors. These two factors that influenced me are challenge and being able to go at my own pace. The way challenge influenced me was when my team had the ball and we were about to score a point, but then we were tagged by the opposing teams, which made me feel more influenced to help the team score a goal and helped me perform at a high standard. The way being able to go at my own pace helped me was when the flow of Modified Touch intensified, I was able to think for a second or two and then become clear headed, which helps me change the game into a flow suitable for me and enabling me to go at a pace that I am well acquainted with.

1.1 Log 2 (Island Ball)

Log 2- 27/07/18

On tuesday, my class played Island Ball, where I was influenced by two factors. These two factors that influenced me are fun and enjoyment and social factors. The way fun and enjoyment influenced me was, because of my previous experience with the game, I knew how to play the game successfully and I was able to enjoy the game more when I was playing with others. I also had fun, because I enjoy playing evasive sports where I invade other people's zone and capture their flag to get a point. The way social factors influenced me was, because I was able to work fluently with the other teammates to successfully gain points against the opposition. I would sometimes bait the team to try and tag me, allowing my teammates to sneak into the opposition’s zone and take the ball.

1.1 Log 1 (Ki o Rahi)

Log 1- 26/07/18

Last term, my class played Kio Rahi, where I was influenced by two factors. These two factors
that influenced me are sense of achievement and well-being. The way sense of
achievement influenced me was by giving me a sense of pride after completing the game
of Ki-O-Rahi. The way I gained pride was from participating, not giving up and winning the
game, which gave me a sense of achievement. The way well-being influenced me was that
if I participated in the lesson, I might get fitter and it’ll help my physical well-being.

Follow-Through

In the follow through phase I still need to contract certain segments. To make sure my shot is effective I need to contract my smaller muscles in my arm. I need to use the right timing during my sequence so I can throw the ball with strength and be as accurate as I can. Also you can see that I am following the sequence because my arms are the only muscles contracting in this phase

While in the follow through phase the joints that are being used are the shoulder and elbow joints

While moving from the execution phase to the follow through phase both my Shoulder and Elbow joints are working. 

1. The Shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint which is extending. The agonist muscle contracting to make this movement is the Latissimus Dorsi  and the antagonist muscle relaxing in this movement is the Pectoralis.

2. The Elbow joint is a hinge joint which is extending. The agonist muscle contracting to make this movement is the tricep and the antagonist muscle relaxing in this movement is the bicep

The differences/similarities I can see in my joints and the ideal are that his elbows are still flexed where mine are extended.

In the follow through phase, I am using the Law of Action and Reaction. Newton's Third law states that whenever a force is applied there is an equal & opposite reaction. If an athlete exerts a force on the ground in order to push off, the ground will exert an equal/opposite force on the athlete pushing them into the air. Action Force= Athlete pushing into the ground. Reaction Force= Athlete rising into the air.
I can see that I am producing force by flexing my knees, the more I flex my knees the more force I can produce in my body and therefore further the ball will be able to go. The greater the action, the greater the reaction.

In the follow through phase balance and stability is still important to producing a well executed shot. To be balanced in this phase I need to make sure that my center of gravity is around my chest. I can see that I am balanced in the follow through phase because my center of gravity is in my body. Also I know I am balanced because I have two base's of support and my center of gravity is in the ideal place. The differences/similarities I can see in my balance and stability between me and the ideal is that his arms are flexed while mine are still extended. 

Execution

In the execution phase I still need to contract as many segments as possible to generate maximum force. As well as using my lower body segments, I also need to contract my upper body muscles in my Basketball Shot. In order to generate maximum force I need to follow a sequence, if you are going from a flexed position to an extended one it means that you are passing through the force from your larger muscles, to your smaller ones. Also, I need to make sure the timing is correct in my sequence. This means that when I'm generating the force from largest to smallest each muscle has to contract one after the other with the correct timing for a more coordinated shot.

While in the execution phase, the joints that are being used are the knee, hip and elbow joints.
The knee joint is a hinge joint and the agonist (contracting) muscle is the quadriceps and the antagonist (resting) muscle is the hamstring.
The hip joint is a ball and socket joint which is extending and the agonist (contracting) muscle is the glueteus maximus and the antagonist (resting) muscle is the Hamstring.
The elbow joint is a hinge joint that is extending and the agonist (contracting) muscle is the tricep and the antagonist (resting) muscle is the bicep.

The differences and similarities I can see in my joints and the ideal are that my arms aren't fully extended and the ideal is extended, I also noticed my knees also aren't fully extended.

In the execution phase, I am using the law of ACCELERATION. This second law states that when a force is applied to an object it will move in the direction of the force being applied, and will accelerate at a rate dependent upon, the size of the force and size of the object, a small object will move faster than a larger object, greater force will move an object faster than a smaller force. The more force I produce and flex my muscles during the preparation phase, the more further I can shoot the ball. The way I am applying force on the basketball is by contracting my legs, the more I contract my legs the more force I produce. Therefore pushing the ball away from my body and using that force to accelerate the basketball into the direction of the hoop.

In the execution phase balance and stability is important to produce a well coordinated shot. To be balanced my centre of gravity has to be around my chest. Centre of gravity can be defined as  the hypothetical point around which the force of gravity appears to act. Also, I know I'm stable in this phase even though I have no base of support, because my centre of gravity is still in the ideal place. The differences and similarities I can see in my joints and the ideal are that my arms aren't fully extended and the ideal is extended, I also noticed my knees also aren't fully extended.